· I'm in the process of installing a steel piping system for my home shop compressed air system, using the suggestions gleaned from this site. The first. Piping Systems - Library Pages. Search Transair. Piping Material. The purpose of the compressed air. The compressed air needs to be delivered with enough volume. Compressed air is costly to. A poorly designed compressed air system can increase. · Does anyone have any tips on installing compressed air lines in a garage? I have a craftsman 150 psi vertical compressor and would like to put it outside. It is. generally considered true that any additional costs spent improving. Compressor Discharge. Piping. Discharge piping from a compressor. The pipe that is installed here must be able to. The high temperatures can also cause. Check the compressor manufacturer's recommendations on discharge. Install a liquid filled pressure gauge, a thermometer, and. Proper support and/or flexible discharge pipe can eliminate. Condensate. Control. Condensation control must be. Drip. legs should be installed at all low points in the system. A drip. leg is an extension of pipe below the airline, which is used to. At the end of the drip leg a.
Preferably an automatic drain will. To eliminate oil, condensate, or cooling water (if. Be sure to. connect the aftercooler outlet to the separator inlet when. If. they are not connected properly, it will result in either poor. The main header pipe in the system should be sloped downward in. A general rule of thumb. The reason for the slope is to direct. Make sure that the piping following the aftercooler slopes. This helps with the condensate drainage, as well as if the. It would. drain toward the receiver and not the compressor. Another method of controlling the condensation is to take all. This eliminates. condensation from entering the branch connection and allows the. Pressure Drop. Pressure drop in a compressed air. Pressure drop is caused by friction of. Pressure drop can be affected by pipe. Each header or main should be furnished. This. avoids significant pressure drops through the hose and allows. To avoid carryover of condensed. Larger pipe sizes, shorter pipe and hose lengths, smooth. In recent years several manufacturers have developed piping. P1- 2). These compressed. Follow the manufacturer's recommendations for. Loop Pipe System. The layout of the system can also. A very efficient compressed air. The loop design (fig. P1- 3). allows airflow in two directions to a point of use. This can cut the overall. It also. means that a large volume user of compressed air in a system may. In many cases a balance line is also recommended which. Reducing the velocity of the airflow through the compressed air. In cases where. there is a large volume user an auxiliary receiver can be. This reduces the velocity, which reduces the friction. Receivers. should be positioned close to the far ends or at points of. Many peak demands. Piping materials. Common piping materials used in a. Compressed air piping systems that are 2" or smaller. Pipe and fitting. Piping systems that are 4" or. Note: Plastic piping may be used on compressed air systems. Ultraviolet. light (sun light) may also reduce the useful service life of some. Installation must follow the manufacturer's. It is always better to oversize the compressed air piping system. This reduces pressure drop, which will pay for itself, and it allows for. Corrosion- resistant piping should be used with any compressed air. A non- lubricated system. Search for Transair.
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RIP, Microsoft Paint. MS Paint, the first app you used for editing images, will probably be killed off in future updates of Windows 1. Paint 3. D. Microsoft lists the 3. Удобный редактор, оповещения SMS. Создай сайт за 1 час без знаний кода! Увеличьте продажи, получив стабильный поток клиентов уже через 3 недели! · Last weekend’s deadly violence in Charlottesville originally began as a “Unite the Right” white supremacist protest against the re-location of a. Windows 1. 0’s next autumn update, a little X marking the end of an era. The app is certainly a relic, from a time when the casual computer user couldn’t crack open Photoshop or Skitch or Pixelmator or thousands of web apps. MS Paint can’t save image components as layers or vectors; it’s for making flat static images only. It doesn’t smooth lines or guess at your best intentions. It does what you tell it and nothing more, faithfully representing the herky- jerky motion of drawing freehand with a computer mouse. It’s from a time before touch, a time before trackpads. As more sophisticated options appeared, Paint’s janky aesthetic became a conscious choice. Paint” became the metonym for that aesthetic, even if an image was actually created in another app. TV Tropes lists major limitations that came to define a certain look: the wobbly freehand lines, awkward color handling, and inappropriate export settings that give Paint its distinctive look. In 2. 01. 4, Gawker’s Sam Biddle noted Paint’s influence on conspiracy theory images, calling the form “Chart Brut.” In amateur detectives’ attempts at identifying the Boston Marathon bombers, the simplicity and jaggedness of Paint evokes the “crazy wall” aesthetic of red string and scribbled notes, apparently without irony. The same year, internet historian Patrick Davison explored Paint’s influence on the last decade of meme culture, particularly Rage Comics. The outsider- art aesthetic feels appropriate to the relatable everyday content, and makes the art form unthreatening. Of course, Paint offered a few features to smooth things out, like the circle and line tools and the “fill” tool, all used in the stoner comics of the early 1. Crucially, those circles still had jagged curves. The bright colors of stoner comics are flat, as MS Paint didn’t support gradients (without an elaborate hack). Contrast those pixellated lines with the slick, stylish face from this art tutorial: This slickness is built into Paint’s successor, Paint 3. D. From the moment you start sketching, Paint 3. D smooths out your art. It also supports automatic selection tools and content- aware fill to rival Photoshop’s.)By automatically improving art, Paint 3. D hides the process behind the image. Paint’s sloppiness is probably why rage comics got so popular. Looking at a rage comic, you can tell exactly how it was drawn, and how you might draw one yourself. By delivering exactly what the artist draws, MS Paint forms an image that the viewer can mentally reverse- engineer and imitate. Unless you go absolutely nuts with it. Reddit user Toweringhorizon painstakingly assembled the drawing “To a Little Radio” using MS Paint tools like the oil brush, stretching the medium while maintaining a pixelated look. It’s one of the top submissions to MS Paint subreddit, a beautiful collaborative art gallery. Scrolling through this art feels like flipping through the sketchbook of the most artistic kid in high school. There’s an accepted roughness, a desired minimalism. For example, the exquisite raindrops in the work above are reflected in a flat, featureless tabletop. Like a transistor radio, Paint might be showing its age, but this tenacious little gadget should not be underestimated.“To a Little Radio” doesn’t even come close to testing Paint’s limits. As we say goodbye to the app that shaped an era, let us watch this bizarrely soundtracked time lapse of drawing Santa Claus in MS Paint on Windows 7 over the course of 5. We can only believe this is real because faking it would be even harder. Instagram Done Got Hacked. Instagram, Facebook’s hotter, snootier subsidiary, may have a massive data breach on its hands. This week, a security flaw within Instagram allowed hackers to assemble a database of what appeared to be verified users’ contact information—some of those affected purportedly being celebrities and politicians. According to the Verge, Instagram now says the known scope of the breach has expanded to include at least some unverified Instagrammers.“.. We recently discovered a bug on Instagram that could be used to access some people’s email address and phone number even if they were not public,” Instagram CTO Mike Krieger wrote in a blog post. No passwords or other Instagram activity was revealed. We quickly fixed the bug, and have been working with law enforcement on the matter. Although we cannot determine which specific accounts may have been impacted, we believe it was a low percentage of Instagram accounts.”“We are very sorry this happened,” Krieger added. As the Daily Beast reported last week, the unknown hackers behind the breach claim to have compromised six million accounts and set up a website called “Doxagram,” which allegedly offered access to phone numbers, email addresses or both for 1,0. Instagram accounts at $1. While a few of the addresses were public information, “many did not return any relevant Google results, implying they were obtained from some private source.” The Beast was able to confirm some of the leaked accounts had valid contact information; the site was later taken offline. Per the Verge, cybersecurity firm Rep. The second your network connects to the greater world of the internet, you expose yourself to attack. For a large corporation, malware can cause plenty of problems. · Businesses spend billions each year beefing up security, but they rarely consider the vulnerability of their videoconferencing equipment. Knight said supposed contact information for a number of celebrities featured on Doxagram was circulating on the dark web, ranging from Hollywood celebs like Emma Watson and Leonardo Di. Caprio to musician Harry Styles and boxer Floyd Mayweather. The Beast claimed the site even purported to have contact info behind President Donald Trump’s official Instagram profile, which was managed by White House social media director Dan Scavino. In addition to potentially exposing users to harassment, the breach could allow hackers to target them for social engineering attacks which could compromise their accounts. Instagram’s security hole may be linked to an incident on August 2. Selena Gomez—the most- followed user on the site—and posted nude photographs of Justin Bieber. 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South Korea May Ask US to Re- Deploy Its Nuclear Weapons. Tensions on the Korean peninsula between North Korea and virtually every other country in the region continue to escalate in the wake of its possible detonation of a hydrogen bomb this weekend. Now the situation seems poised to escalate even further, with South Korean Defense Minister Song Young- moo investigating the possibility of having the US plant its nukes back on the demilitarized zone’s doorstep. Per the Washington Post, Song informed a parliamentary committee he told Secretary of Defense Jim Mattis that “It would be good for strategic assets to be sent regularly to the Korean Peninsula and that some South Korean lawmakers and media are strongly pushing for tactical nuclear weapons.”“The redeployment of tactical nuclear weapons is an alternative worth a full review,” Song added, though according to the Post did not mention Mattis’ response. The US used to have approximately 1. South Korea but pulled them out in 1. President George H. · Just had a fun geeky conversation with Dameon Welch Abernathy (AKA Phoneboy) Jony Fischbein, Jeff Schwartz and Michael Poublon (over 100 accumulated. W. Bush approved the Presidential Nuclear Initiative, the Post noted. While both North and South Korea then agreed to keep nuclear weaponry off the peninsula, North Korea claims having US nuclear umbrella protection is a de facto violation of South Korea’s commitment, and its own program is a clear violation. US and South Korean forces are definitely technically capable of decimating the North Korean military with conventional methods alone, though not without weeks or months of troop deployment and potentially gruesome consequences such as mass shelling of South Korea’s capital, Seoul. Deploying nuclear weapons to the peninsula would cut down the time it would take to retaliate or launch a preemptive strike against North Korea, but it could also dramatically increase the chance of a hasty or mistaken nuclear launch. According to the Post, US security experts are “almost universally opposed” to moving nukes back onto the peninsula. But this is an era where Donald Trump’s administration has given freewheeling powers to top military commanders and is openly matching North Korea’s threats to wipe each other off the map, so it’s not exactly impossible. Even if the nukes are not re- deployed, there remain clear signs of preparation for conflict. Trump and South Korean President Moon Jae- in have agreed to remove caps on South Korean missile payloads, while Wired recently reported the latter’s military has been rapidly moving to install more Terminal High- Altitude Area Defence (THAAD) stations, which use kinetic energy (another projectile) to strike down medium- range missiles. While Moon favors a peaceful solution, the New York Times reported, he is being pressured by both a White House and domestic conservative opposition eager to aggressively respond to North Korean provocations. Washington Post]. How to Read PDFs on an iPhone. Your iPhone will automatically open PDF files when using Safari, Chrome, or your Mail app. You can save these files to your iBooks app. · Open & Save PDF’s to iBooks on iPhone and iPad. · Open Winmail.dat Attachments Files on iPhone & iPad with TNEF Enough. How to Open Password Protected PDF Files on i. Phone or i. Pad. If you have ever tried to view a password protected PDF file on your i. OS device, in the Mail app or Dropbox you might have noticed that your i. Phone displays a blank image and fails to open password protected PDFs. This tutorial will show you how to open such files by using the free i. Phone application i. Books or other paid applications that you might already own. Whenever you try to open a protected file in Mail or Dropbox you will see a screen similar to the one showed below. We are going to show you how to view protected PDF files using three popular i. Phone applications. Booksi. Books is a free application from Apple that allows you to read books and PDF files on your i. Phone, i. Pod Touch or i. Pad. To open any PDF file in i. Books you need to first download and install i. Books on your i. Phone. After you have installed i. Books, simply tap on the Export icon(usually located in the top or bottom corner in i. Phone apps)Now tap on “Open In…” and select i. Books from the list of options. Phone will remember your last used option and will show it next time as Open in “i. Books”by default. Password re- entry: If you have any sensitive information stored in the PDF document please note that i. Books will not ask for password again unless you quit the app. Minimising the app is different from quitting. Read our guide on how to quit i. Phone applications. Price: Free. Download Link. Air Sharing Pro. Created by Avatron Software, Air Sharing Pro is another very popular i. Phone Application for storing and viewing your documents. You can open any protected PDF file in Air Sharing Pro using the same method as above. Password re- entry: Just like i. Books, Air Sharing Pro will allow you to access the file without re- entering the password until you manually quit the application. Price: $6. 9. 9Download Link. Readdle. Docs. Readdle. Docs has been one of the top Productivity apps for quite some time. Most features are same as Air Sharing Pro. You can open any protected file in Readdle. Docs by tapping on Open In…, as described previously. Password Re- entry: This is one place where Readdle. Docs functions differently. You have to enter your password everytime you want to access your protected file. This is the approach that works best for me for all my confidential PDF files. Price: $4. 9. 9Download Link. Conclusion: I own all of the three apps, and will recommend Readdle. Docs for storing all your confidential files containing sensitive information, as it is more tiring to quit the application everytime than entering the password. For less sensitive data, i. Books is perfect. Firstly, because it is free and secondly it is the best reader designed for i. Books - Apple (UK)i. Cloud stores the stuff you care about — your music, photos and contacts, for example — and makes it accessible from your i. Pad, i. Phone, i. Pod touch or Mac. Cloud even stores your books. And it doesn’t matter which device you use to buy them, because you’ll see every title you’ve purchased in your library. If you want it on your device, just tap to download it. So you can read one of your favourites on your i. Phone during your morning commute, page through a few chapters of that same book on your Mac later in the day, and pick up where you left off on your i. Pad at bedtime. Learn more about i. Metodología de desarrollo de software. Metodología de desarrollo de software en ingeniería de software es un marco de trabajo usado para estructurar, planificar y controlar el proceso de desarrollo en sistemas de información.[1]. Tres patrones básicos en las metodologías de desarrollo de software. Introducción[editar]Una metodología de desarrollo de software se refiere a un framework (entorno o marco de trabajo) que es usado para estructurar, planear y controlar el proceso de desarrollo en sistemas de información. A lo largo del tiempo, una gran cantidad de métodos han sido desarrollados diferenciándose por su fortaleza y debilidad.
· Estoy de acuerdo con la gran mayoría, creo que la palabra correcta que buscamos en este contexto (como etapa en el desarrollo de software) es Implantación. El framework para metodología de desarrollo de software consiste en: Una filosofía de desarrollo de programas de computación con el enfoque del proceso de desarrollo de software. Herramientas, modelos y métodos para asistir al proceso de desarrollo de software. Estos frameworks son a menudo vinculados a algún tipo de organización, que además desarrolla, apoya el uso y promueve la metodología. El desarrollo de los sistemas tradicionales de ciclo de vida se originó en la década de 1. La idea principal era continuar el desarrollo de los sistemas de información en una muy deliberada, estructurada y metódica, reiterando cada una de las etapas del ciclo de vida. Los sistemas de información en torno a las actividades resueltas pesadas para el procesamiento de datos y rutinas de cálculo. Metodologías de Desarrollo de Software tiene como objetivo presentar un conjunto de técnicas tradicionales y modernas de modelado de sistemas que permitan desarrollar software de calidad, incluyendo heurísticas de construcción y criterios de comparación de modelos de sistemas. Para tal fin se describen, fundamentalmente, herramientas de Análisis y Diseño Orientado a Objetos (UML), sus diagramas, especificación, y criterios de aplicación de las mismas. Como complemento se describirán las metodologías de desarrollo de software que utilizan dichas herramientas, ciclos de vida asociados y discusión sobre el proceso de desarrollo de software más adecuado para las diferentes aplicaciones ejemplos que se presentarán. Principalmente, se presentará el Proceso Unificado el cual utiliza un ciclo de vida iterativo e incremental. I. Identificación del problema, oportunidades y objetivos. II. Determinación de los requerimientos de información. III. Análisis de las necesidades del sistema. IV. Diseño del sistema recomendado. V. Desarrollo y documentación del software. VI. Pruebas y mantenimiento del sistema. VII. Implantación y evaluación del sistema. I. Ciclo de vida y desarrollo del sistema. II. Desarrollo por análisis estructurado III. Prototipo del sistema. I. Requerimientos. II. Análisis/Diseño. III. Construcción. IV. Pruebas. V. Producción y mantenimiento. I. Definir el proyecto. II. Análisis del contexto. III. Definición de los requerimientos. IV. Diseño preliminar. V. Diseño detallado. 2 tecnologico de estudios superiores del oriente del estado de mexico ingenieria en sistemas computacionales elaboraciÓn de cuadernillo de apuntes. I. Análisis de los requerimientos del Software. II. Diseño. III. Generación de código. IV. Pruebas. V. Mantenimiento; Metodologías de desarrollo de software[editar]1. Nuevo milenio. Enfoques de desarrollo de software[editar]Cada metodología de desarrollo de software tiene más o menos su propio enfoque para el desarrollo de software. Estos son los enfoques más generales, que se desarrollan en varias metodologías específicas. Estos enfoques son los siguientes: [1]Modelo en cascada: Framework lineal. Prototipado: Framework iterativo. Incremental: Combinación de framework lineal e iterativo. Espiral: Combinación de framework lineal e iterativo. RAD: Rapid Application Development, framework iterativo. Modelo en cascada[editar]Es un proceso secuencial, fácil de desarrollo en el que los pasos de desarrollo son vistos hacia abajo (como en una cascada de agua) a través de las fases de análisis de las necesidades, el diseño, implantación, pruebas (validación), la integración, y mantenimiento. La primera descripción formal del modelo de cascada se cita a menudo a un artículo publicado por Winston Royce W.[2] en 1. Royce no utiliza el término "cascada" de este artículo. Los principios básicos del modelo de cascada son los siguientes: [1]El proyecto está dividido en fases secuenciales, con cierta superposición y splashback aceptable entre fases. Se hace hincapié en la planificación, los horarios, fechas, presupuestos y ejecución de todo un sistema de una sola vez. Un estricto control se mantiene durante la vida del proyecto a través de la utilización de una amplia documentación escrita, así como a través de comentarios y aprobación / signoff hechas por el usuario y la gestión del área TI al final de la mayoría de las fases y antes de comenzar la próxima fase. Prototipado[editar]El prototipado permite desarrollar modelos de aplicaciones de software que permiten ver la funcionalidad básica de la misma, sin necesariamente incluir toda la lógica o características del modelo terminado. El prototipado permite al cliente evaluar en forma temprana el producto, e interactuar con los diseñadores y desarrolladores para saber si se está cumpliendo con las expectativas y las funcionalidades acordadas. Los Prototipos no poseen la funcionalidad total del sistema pero si condensa la idea principal del mismo, Paso a Paso crece su funcionalidad, y maneja un alto grado de participación del usuario. Incremental[editar]Provee una estrategia para controlar la complejidad y los riesgos, desarrollando una parte del producto software reservando el resto de aspectos para el futuro. Los principios básicos son: Una serie de mini- Cascadas se llevan a cabo, donde todas las fases de la cascada modelo de desarrollo se han completado para una pequeña parte de los sistemas, antes de proceder a la próxima incremental. Se definen los requisitos antes de proceder con lo evolutivo, se realiza un mini- Cascada de desarrollo de cada uno de los incrementos del sistema. El concepto inicial de software, análisis de las necesidades, y el diseño de la arquitectura y colectiva básicas se definen utilizando el enfoque de cascada, seguida por iterativo de prototipos, que culmina en la instalación del prototipo final. Los principios básicos son: La atención se centra en la evaluación y reducción del riesgo del proyecto dividiendo el proyecto en segmentos más pequeños y proporcionar más facilidad de cambio durante el proceso de desarrollo, así como ofrecer la oportunidad de evaluar los riesgos y con un peso de la consideración de la continuación del proyecto durante todo el ciclo de vida. Cada viaje alrededor de la espiral atraviesa cuatro cuadrantes básicos: (1) determinar objetivos, alternativas, y desencadenantes de la iteración; (2) Evaluar alternativas; Identificar y resolver los riesgos; (3) desarrollar y verificar los resultados de la iteración, y (4) plan de la próxima iteración.[3]Cada ciclo comienza con la identificación de los interesados y sus condiciones de ganancia, y termina con la revisión y examinación.[3]Rapid Application Development (RAD)[editar]El desarrollo rápido de aplicaciones (RAD) es una metodología de desarrollo de software, que implica el desarrollo iterativo y la construcción de prototipos. El desarrollo rápido de aplicaciones es un término originalmente utilizado para describir un proceso de desarrollo de software introducido por James Martin en 1. Principios básicos: Objetivo clave es para un rápido desarrollo y entrega de una alta calidad en un sistema de relativamente bajo coste de inversión. Intenta reducir el riesgos inherente del proyecto partiéndolo en segmentos más pequeños y proporcionar más facilidad de cambio durante el proceso de desarrollo. Orientación dedicada a producir sistemas de alta calidad con rapidez, principalmente mediante el uso de iteración por prototipos (en cualquier etapa de desarrollo), promueve la participación de los usuarios y el uso de herramientas de desarrollo computarizadas. Encuentra aquí información de Modelos de Desarrollo de Software para tu escuela ¡Entra ya! Revisión Bibliográfica de los Modelos de Desarrollo de Software. I. Introducción. La Ingeniería de Software surge como la aplicación de modelos y formas de la ingeniería tradicional a la práctica de construir productos de software; situación que ha condicionado su accionar al tener como norte las precisiones y seguridades que en otros ámbitos tiene la ingeniería. Históricamente han surgido varios enfoques que buscan abordar de manera sistemática, la planificación, análisis, diseño e implementación de los proyectos de desarrollo de software, sean estos de gran escala y pequeñas aplicaciones, software a la medida o productos de software. Cada uno de estos enfoques tiene su raíz en las pre- concepciones dominantes en su época y, sobre todo, en la búsqueda incesante de mejoras a los enfoques precedentes. Debido a que este documento es una reseña bibliográfica, comenzaremos presentando a los autores de los conceptos a desarrollar en este trabajo. Autores de libros consultados: Marck Norris y Peter Rigby. Ingeniería de Software Explicada. Ingeniería de Software. Autores de páginas Web consultadas: http: //www. II. El modelo de codificar y fijar Gustavo Donoso: El modelo básico usado en los primeros días del desarrollo de software, tiene dos pasos: (1) Escribir algún código. Fijar los problemas en el código. Así, el orden de los pasos era fabricar algún código primero y pensar sobre los requerimientos, diseño, prueba y mantención a continuación. Este modelo tiene las dificultades de presentar una baja estructuración del código luego de alguna cantidad de fijaciones, pese a que se puede desarrollar un software de calidad, es posible que éste tenga una correspondencia muy pobre con las reales necesidades del usuario y, finalmente, si no existe la conciencia de la necesidad real de pruebas y modificaciones el costo de las sucesivas fijaciones será muy alto. Este método resume las características de los métodos más formales desarrollados posteriormente, primero, la desvinculación con el problema: hay, de partida dos interlocutores, un experto en la programación o codificación y, por otro lado, un usuario quien sería el experto en el problema a quien se debe satisfacer mediante la codificación de la solución, o programa. Lo anterior nos lleva, también, a la idea de iteración: esta desvinculación entre el origen del problema y la solución imprime en los métodos posteriores la idea de retroalimentaciones que permitan aproximar la distancia entre los ámbitos. En el sentido real, el ingeniero de programación crea modelos de situaciones físicas en un programa. La correspondencia entre el modelo y la realidad modelada se ha considerado como la distancia entre el problema y la solución computacional del problema. Un principio fundamental de la ingeniería de programación es diseñar productos que minimicen la distancia intelectual entre el problema y la solución. La variedad de enfoques en el desarrollo de programas está limitado únicamente por la creatividad e ingenio del programador; no siempre se encuentra con claridad el enfoque que minimice esta distancia, e incluso diferentes enfoques minimizan distintas dimensiones de la distancia. Pero, por otro lado, la primera evolución con relación a los métodos es el resultado de las deficiencias presentadas por método de codificar y fijar. Es necesario dividir este ciclo desarrollo en etapas, lo que permitiría incorporar la idea de proyecto de desarrollo de software y, sobre todo, elementos de planificación, coordinación y control. Esto también coincide con el tamaño de los problemas a resolver, el que se va incrementando debido, sobre todo, al aumento de las capacidades del hardware. III. El modelo de etapas. Gustavo Donoso: En 1. Semi- Automated Ground Environment (SAGE) hizo que se reconocieran los problemas inherentes a la codificación y esto llevó al desarrollo del modelo de etapas, con el objetivo de poder mejorar estos nuevos problemas. Este modelo estipula que el software será desarrollado en sucesivas etapas: Plan operativo. Etapa donde se define el problema a resolver, las metas del proyecto, las metas de calidad y se identifica cualquier restricción aplicable al proyecto. Especificación de requerimientos. Permite entregar una visión de alto nivel sobre el proyecto, poniendo énfasis en la descripción del problema desde el punto de vista de los clientes y desarrolladores. También se considera la posibilidad de una planificación de los recursos sobre una escala de tiempos. Especificación funcional. Especifica la información sobre la cual el software a desarrollar trabajará. Diseño. Permite describir como el sistema va a satisfacer los requerimientos. Esta etapa a menudo tiene diferentes niveles de detalle. Los niveles más altos de detalle generalmente describen los componentes o módulos que formarán el software a ser producido. Los niveles más bajos, describen, con mucho detalle, cada módulo que contendrá el sistema. Implementación. Aquí es donde el software a ser desarrollado se codifica. Dependiendo del tamaño del proyecto, la programación puede ser distribuida entre distintos programadores o grupos de programadores. Cada uno se concentrará en la construcción y prueba de una parte del software, a menudo un subsistema. Las pruebas, en general, tiene por objetivo asegurar que todas las funciones están correctamente implementadas dentro del sistema. Integración. Es la fase donde todos los subsistemas codificados independientemente se juntan. Cada sección es enlazada con otra y, entonces, probada. Este proceso se repite hasta que se han agregado todos los módulos y el sistema se prueba como un todo. Validación y verificación. Una vez que el sistema ha sido integrado, comienza esta etapa. Es donde es probado para verificar que el sistema es consistente con la definición de requerimientos y la especificación funcional. Por otro lado, la verificación consiste en una serie de actividades que aseguran que el software implementa correctamente una función específica. Al finalizar esta etapa, el sistema ya puede ser instalado en ambiente de explotación. Mantención. La mantención ocurre cuando existe algún problema dentro de un sistema existente, e involucraría la corrección de errores que no fueron descubiertos en las fases de prueba, mejoras en la implementación de las unidades del sistema y cambios para que responda a los nuevos requerimientos. Las mantenciones se puede clasificar en: correctiva, adaptativa, perfectiva y preventiva. El modelo de etapas consideraba que cada una de ellas debería ir a continuación de la anterior, poniendo énfasis en la documentación que resulta de cada una y que es la entrada de la siguiente, formalizando los procedimientos de planificación y de control. Todo tendiente a conformar una cadena de producción de software, de manera similar a una cadena de montaje de automóviles. Pero ello no logra que las causas de fondo que hicieron que se replantease el modelo de codificar y fijar desapareciesen. Todavía existe la distancia entre el programador (ahora desarrollador) y el usuario, esta distancia está dada por dominios de acción distintos. La iteración de aproximación es ahora más factible, pero también resulta onerosa, es necesario instalar todo el software nuevamente en la cadena de montaje para su revisión y reconstrucción. Figura 1: Modelo de Etapas. Richard Fairley: El modelo de fases divide el ciclo de vida del producto de programación en una serie de actividades sucesivas; cada fase requiere información de entrada, procesos y resultados, todos ellos bien definidos. Se necesitan recursos para terminar los procesos de cada fase, y cada una de ellas se efectúa mediante la aplicación de métodos explícitos, herramientas y técnicas. Se considera el modelo de fases compuesto por las siguientes: análisis, diseño, instrumentación, pruebas y mantenimiento. · How To: Torrent Without Getting Caught By Ryan. to save bandwidth or reduce chances of getting caught. and software using torrents. - How can they trace who has downloaded what, and how do they gain access to that information? - How can they prove that you actually downloaded. Boss wants to use pirated CAD software. I just got out of a 2 year job where every bit of software was pirated.Windows 7. Plan on getting out sooner than. · Pirated Software? Windows 7 IT Pro >. me that I have an unregistered copy of the software and offering me a chance to. why they never caught Jessie. · PC seller cops $462,624 fine for pirated Microsoft software. PCs with pirated Windows and. a good chance you’re getting dodgy software. Pirated Windows Warning Message. Discussion in 'Bing' started by iPod, Jun 21, 2006.? If U Had Pirated Windows Message On Ur Screen, In. · What are the chances of being arrested for piracy/illegal download? of you getting caught though. members looking after discussions on The Student Room. If you are running a pirated version of windows and want to update with out windows genuine error then this article guide you how to update pirated windows. Confessions of a Windows 7 pirate. I've been hanging out with a bad crowd lately. In the interest of research, I've been digging into message boards and forums run by unabashed Windows enthusiasts who are intent on breaking Microsoft's activation technology. I've had these forums bookmarked for years and stop in every once in a while just to see what's new. This time I decided to drop by and actually try some of tools and utilities to see if I could become a pirate, too. Unfortunately, I succeeded. In this post, I'll share my experiences, including close encounters with some very nasty malware and some analysis on how the latest showdown between Microsoft and the pirates is likely to play out. You won't find names or direct links here- -although these guys seem like genuine enthusiasts, I have no intention of giving them any free publicity. But if you're interested in tracking down the tools I tested you should have no trouble finding them using the clues available in screenshots and descriptions here. If you do intend to try this stuff out for yourself, I recommend extreme caution. My hunt for utilities that bypass Windows 7 activation technologies led me to some very seedy corners of the Internet. First, I did what any red- blooded wannabe pirate would do and tried some Google searches. Of the first 1. 0 hits, six were inactive or had been taken down. After downloading files from the remaining four sites, I submitted them to Virustotal. Windows 7 rootkits. Here's one example: And that experience is borne out by at least one real- world experience, which was reported, ironically, in the Talkback section of this blog. After I wrote about Microsoft's most recent anti- piracy initiative last week, one commenter (a loud, proud Linux advocate) insisted that the update opened a secret back- channel, probably as part of a plot by Microsoft to covertly gain access to its customers' PCs. A day or so later, after checking with his Windows- using friend, he returned with this sheepish admission: It turns out his iso was not a bona fide purchased copy [of Windows 7], but rather a cracked version off of the net. In all likelihood the iso was trojaned.. Indeed. Which is why I exercised extraordinary caution. For my hands- on tests, I used a fresh copy of Windows 7 Ultimate, installed without a product key. I then looked at two widely distributed tools that work in completely different ways. Page 2: Disabling Windows activation completely. A clever little tool called Remove. WAT not only disables Microsoft's activation subsystem, it also installs the latest anti- piracy update from Microsoft and then disables it, too! Page 3: Fooling Windows by tinkering with the BIOSBig PC makers get to install copies of Windows that don't require activation. Naturally, pirates soon figured out how to make any PC look like it came from one of those big factories. Page 4: Microsoft versus the pirates. Pirates are clever and fast. Microsoft is highly motivated to keep its lucrative Windows revenue stream intact. Are customers going to get caught in the crossfire? Details and screenshots begin on the next page. Disabling Windows activation checks completely. Remove. WAT first appeared last summer, around the time Windows 7 was released to manufacturing. The philosophy behind this small utility is simple: It disables the Windows Activation Technologies function while allowing the system to retain its Genuine status in every official check by Microsoft. The most recent version claims to work with all editions of Windows 7 and Windows Server 2. R2. (It does not work with Windows Vista or Windows Server 2. I downloaded the most recent edition of Remove. WAT (v. 2. 2. 5) and verified that it was clean. The single . exe file is small (less than 7. MB), and the UI is simple: After clicking the Remove WAT button and rebooting, I noticed a subtle but significant change in the System properties dialog box. The section describing my system's activation status was gone. There was no sign of a Product ID or activation status. Nothing. Previously, a message in that section had told me that I had 3. A close inspection of the Windows\System. Remove. WAT installed its own patched version of a crucial DLL file in the Software Licensing subsystem, Slwga. Thoughtfully, the program's developer had coded it to save a backup of the actual file so that it could be restored if necessary. And when I tested the Restore WAT function, I found it worked just fine on my system.)As far as Windows was concerned, the system was perfectly valid. I was able to download and install optional updates through Windows Update and successfully validated the system so that I could install products reserved for Genuine Windows customers. I was also able to install Microsoft Security Essentials, which performs a validation check during setup. In a fitting piece of irony, the most recent version of Remove. WAT actually goes out of its way to install Microsoft's WAT Update (KB9. Remove. WAT. The pirate code remained working even when I ran the WAT update manually. Page 3: Roll your own free OEM copy? Fooling Windows by tinkering with the BIOSThe other popular approach toward cracking Windows activation takes advantage of the difference between retail and OEM copies of Windows. Retail copies have to be activated using a unique serial number. OEM copies from large system makers (Dell, Toshiba, HP, and so on, collectively known as Royalty OEMs) use a technique called System Locked Preinstallation (SLP). The preinstalled copy of Windows uses a single master product key tied to specific information in the system BIOS that is unique to that manufacturer's systems. If the encrypted licensing information in the preinstalled copy of Windows matches the information in the BIOS, no activation is required. Windows pirates figured out how to exploit this hack around the time Windows Vista was launched. The Windows 7 Loader program, which I used on a test system, looks at your PC's BIOS to see whether it contains an ACPI_SLIC table with software licensing information ("markers" for the Windows operating system and the name of the computer maker). If the SLIC table is present, the tool installs the correct product key for your Windows 7 edition along with a digital certificate; the combination mimics a legitimate OEM preinstallation. For systems with a BIOS that doesn't contain the proper SLIC tables (a scenario I didn't test), it uses an alternate boot loader (typically some variant of GRUB) and installs BIOS emulation code to fool the system into thinking your system is a legitimate OEM installation. You can use the one- click installer or select from advanced options to personalize your PC by choosing a particular brand. In this case, I had installed a retail copy of Windows 7 Home Premium on a relatively new system (purchased in mid- 2. Windows Vista. I didn't enter a product key during setup, and I had gone more than 3. Here's what I saw when I ran W7. Loader: The installer correctly detected the brand (Dell) and Windows 7 edition. When I clicked the Install Certificate and Serial button on the right, I was greeted with this message: The system, which had never been activated, had previously been nagging me with "non- Genuine" warning messages. As soon as the pirate tool completed its work, the watermark on the black desktop went away and the System properties dialog box told me I was activated with a Dell OEM product ID. Page 4: The Empire strikes back - -> The Empire strikes back. The two exploits I describe in this post are certainly not the only ones out there. Indeed, Windows pirates have been playing a cat- and- mouse game with Microsoft for years. In the Windows XP era, pirates focused most often on stealing legitimate product keys, especially Volume License keys. 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Fed. Center - Aboveground Storage Tanks (ASTs)General Description. Storage tanks that are aboveground, regardless of whether they are used for to store petroleum products, hazardous waste, or other hazardous material. Summary of Federal Requirements. Aboveground storage tanks (ASTs) used for the store of petroleum products is regulated primarily under 4. CFR 1. 12. The regulation does not actually use the terms "aboveground storage tank." Instead the term "bulk storage container" is used and is defined as "any container used to store oil. These containers are used for purposes including, but not limited to, the storage of oil prior to use, while being used, or prior to further distribution in commerce. Oil- filled electrical, operating, or manufacturing equipment is not a bulk storage container.". A bulk storage container is 5. Bunkered tanks" are defined as "a container constructed or placed in the ground by cutting the earth and re- covering the container in a manner that breaks the surrounding natural grade, or that lies above grade, and is covered with earth, sand, gravel, asphalt, or other material. A bunkered tank is considered an aboveground storage container for purposes of 4. CFR 1. 12". A container (i. All bulk storage container installations must be constructed so a secondary means of containment is provided for the entire capacity of the largest single container and sufficient freeboard to contain precipitation. State Farm July 2009 Member Since. About. handyman. pap.
At Avery.com, you'll find office supplies and products such as labels, dividers, notetabs and binders. You can also browse our website to find ready-made templates. Driver License / State / Date Of Birth. Many of the guidelines ask for. providing incentive to cancel the Texas PAP and. · Every state requires slightly. UP NEXT in Home Buying and Selling. This is not a license to demand more repairs unless you find. Diked areas must be sufficiently impervious to contain discharged oil. While dikes, containment curbs, and pits are commonly employed for this purpose, an alternative system consisting of a drainage trench enclosure that must be arranged so that any discharge will terminate and be safely confined in a facility catchment basin or holding pond may also be used. Each bulk storage container installation must be engineered or updated in accordance with good engineering practice to avoid discharges, including at least one of the following devices. NOTE: In smaller facilities an audible air vent may suffice.). NOTE: If you use this alternative, a person must be present to monitor gauges and the overall filling of bulk storage containers.). Control leakage through defective internal heating coils is by monitoring the steam return and exhaust lines for contamination from internal heating coils that discharge into an open watercourse, or pass the steam return or exhaust lines through a settling tank, skimmer, or other separation or retention system. The drainage of uncontaminated rainwater is not allowed from the diked area into a storm drain or discharge of an effluent into an open watercourse, lake, or pond, bypassing the facility treatment system unless the facility. NPDES). Testing/Monitoring. Each aboveground container must be tested for integrity on a regular schedule, and whenever material repairs are made. The frequency of and type of testing must take into account container size and design (such as floating roof, skid- mounted, elevated, or partially buried). In July 2. 01. 2 EPA released a helpful fact sheet on bulk storage container inspections. The facility must combine visual inspection with another testing technique such as hydrostatic testing, radiographic testing, ultrasonic testing, acoustic emissions testing, or another system of non- destructive shell testing. Comparison records must be kept and the container's supports and foundations also inspected. Personnel must frequently inspect the outside of the container for signs of deterioration, discharges, or accumulation of oil inside diked areas. Liquid level sensing devices must be regularly tested to ensure proper operation. Effluent treatment facilities should observed frequently enough to detect possible system upsets that could cause a discharge. If field- constructed aboveground containers undergo a repair, alteration, reconstruction, or a change in service that might affect the risk of a discharge or failure due to brittle fracture or other catastrophe, or has discharged oil or failed due to brittle fracture failure or other catastrophe, the container is evaluated for risk of discharge or failure due to brittle fracture or other catastrophe and appropriate actions taken. Mobile/Portable AST. Mobile or portable oil bulk storage containers must be positioned or located to prevent a discharge and furnished with a secondary means of containment, such as a dike or catchment basin, sufficient to contain the capacity of the largest single compartment or container with sufficient freeboard to contain precipitation. Regulatory Applicability. CFR 1. 12 applies to petroleum oils and non- petroleum oils, animal fats and oils and greases, and fish and marine mammal oils; and vegetable oils (including oils from seeds, nuts, fruits, and kernels). CFR 1. 12 also applies to any owner or operator of a non- transportation- related onshore or offshore facility engaged in drilling, producing, gathering, storing, processing, refining, transferring, distributing, using, or consuming oil and oil products, which due to its location, could reasonably be expected to discharge oil in quantities that may be harmful, into or upon the navigable waters of the United States or adjoining shorelines, or into or upon the waters of the contiguous zone, or in connection with activities under the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act or the Deepwater Port Act of 1. United States (including resources under the Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act) that has oil in. CFR 1. 12.). For a PDF version of the EPA's SPCC Field Inspection and Plan Review Checklist for Onshore Facilities, click here. Hazardous Materials Storage in ASTs. Depending on the type and amount of hazardous materials (i. EPA reporting requirements may apply. The regulatory impacts of hazardous materials being stored and/or used at facilities are outlined in the Laboratories - > Hazardous Materials Storage section of the Facility Regulatory Tour. Summary of State Requirements. ASTs are primarily regulated by states. The requirements can usually found in environmental regulations and/or the fire code. There may be a requirement to paint the tank, or a fill pipe, a certain color to identify its contents, provide alarms in addition to those Federally required, and registration of the tank. Laws and Statutes. The Clean Water Act. |
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